The ESA is exploring the development of a reusable super-heavy rocket.

As part of the Pathfinder initiative, the European Space Agency has announced the launch of a study on "Europe's critical needs for exploring space beyond low Earth orbit, while providing broader opportunities for utilizing space to meet growing market demands."

A more detailed plan is likely to be included in a proposal presented to member states at the next ESA Ministerial Council meeting at the end of 2025, where funding for its execution will be allocated.

Currently, only two rockets are capable of delivering 60 tons or more to low Earth orbit: Falcon Heavy and Space Launch System (SLS). Blue Origin's New Glenn, which is expected to debut in late 2024 or early 2025, will be able to deliver up to 45 tons to low Earth orbit.